martes, 13 de marzo de 2007

Analysis of Group Six: Small Countries with Small Defence Forces

  • Group Six: Small countries with small defence forces: Bahrain, Bhutan, Cape Verde, Comoros, Equatorial Guinea, Laos, Lesotho, Mauritania, Oman, Qatar, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Sao Tomes, Seychelles, Swaziland, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The special cases are: Belarus and Guyana.

Group Six offers the most diverse type of countries. They are located all over the world, and have different levels of economic development. But the main reason why they do not contribute troops is that they all have small defence forces combined with internal political problems not allowing democracy to prevail. But this does not imply that being a democracy is a condition to be in the process of sending troops. Because as we will see, Belarus is considered the last tyranny in Europe, and it is already in the process of sending troops to UN peace operations. That is why Belarus is a special case, and perhaps many of these countries might follow what Belarus is doing now in order to participate in UN peacekeeping.

Applying the variables of the data collection process to the analysis of these countries, the results show no pattern other than variation depending on the country. With regards to UN/UN peacekeeping policy reform, some countries participate (but not actively), while others have legislation to respect their neutrality on international affairs. Perceptions of peacekeeping varies, there are countries that consider it is not good for countries, while others cannot wait to participate. On their domestic political affairs, their internal political environment is turbulent, and the power is in the hands of a few, while in others are in a transition period: from absolute monarchy into parliamentary democracy. Similarly to the domestic political environment, for some countries their economic environment is struggling and for others, oil has provided them the basis to build a strong economy. On military affairs, for some countries, the armed forces do not play an important role in the society, while in others it is very important. Many of their military forces are not morally competent. On foreign policy, some of them are not influenced by the traditional superpowers such as the USA, EU, UK, and Russia. They do have a high level of influence, but the ties with the regional powers are more important. Thus, regional ties are more important. Their foreign policies are more focused on western and regional countries, rather than UN affairs. Bilateral agreements are more important than UN agreements. Others come from years of isolation.

Group Six has two special cases: Belarus and Guyana. For example, Belarus is considered the last tyranny in Europe, and it is already in the process of sending troops to UN peace operations. And Guyana is the country with the highest number of participation (non-troops) in UN peace operations.